Pure Active Citric Acid AHA 20%

• “New skin” effect: Citric acid helps cell renewal (increase of the living epidermis) and promotes the elimination of dead cells. ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾
• Astringent: tightens dilated pores for finer skin texture. ⁽²⁾
• Great penetration and non-greasy finish⁽³⁾
  
  

(1) Ying, Tsung-Ho et al. “Citric acid induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of human immortalized keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) via caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent signaling pathways”. Anticancer research vol. 33,10 (2013): 4411-20.

(2) Bernstein, E F et al. “Citric acid increases viable epidermal thickness and glycosaminoglycan content of sun-damaged skin”. Dermatologic surgery: official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] vol. 23,8 (1997): 689-94. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00391.x

(3) Clinical test on 19 volunteers aged 26 to 55 years old, with normal, combination or oily skin with dilated pores and a dull complexion (lack of radiance), use one a day on evening, for 28 days under medical control. Auto-assessment.   

Independent scientific literature on citric acid ⁽¹⁾:

After 90 days: with 20% citric acid, the epidermal thickness (living part) is increased by +40%. 

Increased quantity of GAGs (hyaluronic acid, in the dermis +57% and in the epidermis +172%). 

> PATIENTS FEEDBACKS

After 4 days of once-a-day application:

-  skin is smoother (for 95 % of subjects) ⁽²⁾

- Less visible dilated pores (for 89 % of subjects) ⁽²⁾

After 28 days of once-a-day application:

- Refined skin texture (for 100 % of subjects) ⁽³⁾

- Less dull complexion (for 95 % of subjects) ⁽³⁾

(1) Clinical study with ex vivo sampling carried out on 6 women having sun- damaged (wrinkles and pigmentary alterations) skin aged 70 to 83 years old, after application for 90 days.  Application of 20% citric acid applied twice a day to the skin of the arms. Biopsy samples after the 90 days. Histological study. Bernstein, E F et al. “Citric acid increases viable epidermal thickness and glycosaminoglycan content of sun-damaged skin”. Dermatologic surgery: official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.] vol. 23,8 (1997): 689-94. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00391.x

(2) Test on 19 volunteers aged 26 to 55 years old, with normal, combination or oily skin with dilated pores and a dull complexion (lack of radiance), use one a day on evening, for 4 days under medical control. Auto-assessment.   

(3) Test on 19 volunteers aged 26 to 55 years old, with normal, combination or oily skin with dilated pores and a dull complexion (lack of radiance), use one a day on evening, for 28 days under medical control. Auto-assessment.